How The Media Influences Gender Roles - 3905 Words

How the Media Influences Gender Roles in Adolescents AMST Research Writing Professor Liles 7 April 2015 I certify that I have followed the SJFC Academic Honesty Policy for writing papers Gabrielle Burns How the Media Influences Gender Roles in Adolescents One of today’s thriving issues is the strong gender gaps that exist in American society. Beginning at birth, the hospital assigns blue blankets to boys and pink blankets to girls because those are presumably colors that are fit for each gender. In the toddler stages of life, we can see gender gaps created by the toys children are expected to play with: dolls for little girls, while boys are expected to play with trucks. These same gender gaps that are instilled in childhood carry into the adolescent years and it is argued that there is an acceleration of gender-differential socialization during this time. Through guidance from various aspects of our society, we continue to uphold and support the strict gender differences. One aspect of our society that is of concern in relation to this issue is the media. Today’s media sources are not only large and powerful, but they also strongly reinforce these stereotypical gender standards. The adolescent years are a time of great learning and growing and these years in between childhood and adulthood help to define key aspects of our character. The exposure of adolescents to the strong content available in the media today has a profound impact on how theyShow MoreRelatedGender Labeling And Gender Stereotypes1551 Words   |  7 Pagesand females are Gender Stereotypes (Deaux Kite, 1993). Gender labeling is frequently used in global broadcasting to boost characteristics of how a certain people; those in control of the broadcast- view gender roles and how they want society to view them also. Stereotyping is prevalent in popular television shows, music videos, the workforce and various other advertisement billboards in the U.S. It is difficult to oppose the stereotypical behavior that is displayed in the media that supposedlyRead MoreSocial Media and Society Negatively Influence Gender Roles1376 Words   |  5 Pages Social media and society negatively infl uence gender roles and perpetuates stereotypical gender behavior. These influences can be found in sports, school, the arts, and the workplace. No matter what stage of life a person is in they will continue to be bombarded by the harshness of stereotypes. However, between the ages of 9 and 15 people are at their most vulnerable state because they are evaluating the people around them and are able to see how media perceives gender roles. Although, men are affectedRead MoreEffect Of Gender And Gender Representation On Media1735 Words   |  7 PagesThe effect of gender and gender representation in media has been widely researched in various academic disciplines, including anthropology and communication studies. Similar gender role expectations are not just restricted to Western culture either. A study on gender representation in East Asian advertising by Michael Prieler is a demonstration of the influence of gendered communication. The research examines the male and female representa tion in the advertising of East Asian countries like HongRead MoreThe American Psychological Association Defines Gender Identity1301 Words   |  6 Pages Gender James Gadoury January 12, 2015 Professor Cormier English 101 The American Psychological Association defines gender identity as â€Å"one’s sense of oneself as male, female, or transgender† (â€Å"Definition of Terms: Sex, Gender, Gender Identity, Sexual Orientation† 1). Our culture greatly affects our gender identity, and this can be seen through how our media displays men, women, and transgenders. The media is a reflection of the values that are held in American culture and can be used toRead MoreToys as Role Models1114 Words   |  5 PagesToys as Role Models Judy Attfield, who holds a PhD in history and design, has written numerous articles in relation to design history. Her articles, often written in a formal and informative style, concentrate on parenting and family issues. Citing the differences in the maneuverability designs of Barbie and Action Man, which embody the stereotypical clichà © of feminine passivity and masculine activity respectively, â€Å"Barbie and Action Man: Adult toys for girls and boys, 1959-93† (P. Kirkham (EdRead MoreUnconsciously, We Have All Been Affected Or Can Relate1358 Words   |  6 Pageswe have all been affected or can relate to the effects of gender role stereotyping. From the day we were born, we are labeled as either boy or girl. Although, society has changed its norm in gender roles, many of our traditions have not. In the gender stereotype, we commonly relate a boy with the color blue, and a girl with the color pink. Gender roles have been instilled in us from past generations, due to the way that society was. Gender labeling is still influenced today through children’s toysRead MoreBrainwashing Youth : How Advertising Influences Children On Gender Images1496 Words   |  6 Pages Brainwashing Youth: How Advertising Influences Children on Gender Images For advertising companies, the topic of advertising to children is one that is very controversial and could lead to a lot of debate on whether it is even ethical to do so. None the less advertisements continue to be aired and targeted towards a particularly vulnerable group: children. At a young age it is a critical time for children. They are not only developing their mental and physical capabilities, but they are also developingRead MoreEffects Of Mass Media And Gender889 Words   |  4 PagesGender Socialization In today’s society, we see the effects of mass media and media imaging more than we have in any era before. Whether it be the large amount of new social media apps, the access to growing technology and communication throughout the world, or simply the millions of viewers and users, social media has become one, if not the most influential source in the world. This gives mass media the power to create, destroy, and spread any image or idea having a large effect on the audienceRead MoreInfluence Of The Advertising Media On Gender And Representation Of Stereotypes1173 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract The advertising media often stereotypes gender roles either for added effects or for humor. Repeated use of these role-plays reinforces the public’s perception about how men and women should behave. This also shapes the expectations that society has towards them. The manipulation of these stereotypes by the media is an unconscious byproduct of the thinking of most men and women about what roles each gender should play. Deterministic theories emphasize that men and women evolve differentlyRead MoreMedia Based On Social Stereotypes930 Words   |  4 Pagespaper includes critical analysis of media based on social stereotypes. There are two advertisements used one is based on gender inequality and the other is based on the gender biased and racial inequality. These two advertisement’s provides a good example of how media influences society. Analysis of these advertisement will show how the creator of the advertisement uses social stereotypes. Advertisement 1 analysis Nowadays the representation of gender in media has become very common. It is all about

American Dream or American Damned - 1835 Words

Living the American Dream is becoming something farther and farther out of reach for our society, and many don’t even realize it. The current teenage population is projected to be less successful than their parents are. Poverty circumstances that many citizens are born into are increasingly harder to overcome. How can young adults escape the poverty levels in order to become competitive in the professional world when the opportunities are slimmer than ever? American society is becoming harder for those to get ahead and live the American Dream; living above the status quo takes dedication, perseverance, and tenacity. Poverty has many different meanings throughout the world, to some, poverty is a third-world country; however, in America†¦show more content†¦All throughout the world poverty exists, but it is recognized in many different ways. In third world countries it can be someone who literally has nothing, however in the United States it could be someone going throu gh bankruptcy due to lack of medical insurance or losing their job. A small town in Findlay, Ohio has always had programs in place for those affected by poverty. However, the programs were spread throughout the town making it difficult for those in need to reach them all. In order to fix this problem, they combined all their outreach programs into one building in order to make it much easier for people to reach it. The largest obstacle that those in need of these programs face is being able to have the humility to go and ask for help; some people view this as embarrassing. The programs include medical care with pricing based on income, dental work, career assistance, and also food and clothing donations. Programs like this are beginning to have more and more publicity which opens doors for others to give to them. Although programs like this have their limits, they still help those in need at least get a start towards a better life - and also give them something to hope for. Schools have worked towards reforming their student requirements in order toShow MoreRelatedâ€Å"The American Dream has become a death sentence of drudgery, consumerism, and fatalism: a garage800 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The American Dream has become a death sentence of drudgery, consumerism, and fatalism: a garage sale where the best of the human spirit is bartered away for comfort, obedience and trinkets. Its unequivocally absurd.† –Zoltan Istvan. In both This Side of Paradise and This Beautiful and Damned, F. Scott Fitzgerald comments on the corruption of the American Dream. Throughout the beautiful text and prose of his first and second novels, respectively, Fitzgerald mocks the ghastly nightmare the AmericanRead More Setting and Its Effect on Understanding Young Goodman Brown Essay824 Words   |  4 Pagesin the godless wild. The devil has earned a reputation of being the worst of all tricksters. On the worst night of the year, along the scariest path outside of t he birthplace of American witches, Young Goodman Brown met the devil and the devil played a terrible trick on him, or did he? Whether this apparition was a dream or a reality, the devil cursed Young Goodman Brown with a life long distrust of all those around him for his troubles. The setting of Young Goodman Brown is essential in achievingRead MoreAmerican Dream Failure Essay1092 Words   |  5 PagesFailure of the American Dream The American Dream; a reality chased by Americans for centuries, based on the ideas of liberty, happiness and equal right to success for all. But, for F. Scott Fitzgerald the American Dream was a materialistic world of permanent riches and fortune. This distorted perception of the American Dream, shared by many others, resulted in the failure of the real American Dream, a reality where one can live comfortably and safely. Instead, the American Dream became this unattainableRead MoreAmerican Idealism in F. Scoot Fitzgerald ´s The Great Gatsby847 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Gatsby is in modern times the central artistic expression of the American experience.† According to Ross MacDonald, F. Scott Fitzgerald’s book, The Great Gatsby, was about â€Å"American idealism destroyed by American greed†. (Thompson p.152) This theme of a misinterpreted American Dream was portrayed throughout what is said to be one of Fitzgerald’s most influential works, The Great G atsby. Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was born in the great capital of Saint Paul, Minnesota. Born into an upper middleRead MoreResponse to Hunter S. Thompsons Ferar and Loathing in Las Vegas1180 Words   |  5 PagesLas Vegas is a travelogue of sorts, due to the blurred lines between fiction and non-fiction, which deeply explores the status of the American Dream during the early 70’s, specifically 1971. Thompson states this purpose within the first three chapters of the book in the line, â€Å"Because I want you to know that we’re on our way to Las Vegas to find the American Dream.† (Famp;L pg 6) Although Thompson states in the beginning of the book that, â€Å"Our trip was different. It was a classic affirmation ofRead MoreAnne Rice: A Brief Biography750 Words   |  3 Pageswritten other books. Rice’s books have sold on the verge of 100 million copies, which placed her amongst the most appreciated authors in American history. Her mate was Stan Rice who breathed his last breath from brain cancer in 2002 at age 60. Anne Rice had two progenies: Michelle Rice, which months before Rice’s daughter became ailing, Rice had a divinatory dream that declared that there was â€Å"something wrong with her blood.† Michelle breathed her last breath from acute granulocytic leukemia onRead MoreFear, Loathing, By Hunter S. Thompson s Novel, Fear And Loathing1390 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Dream is the phrase and trademark of American society today that many hope to achieve in some point in their lives. In Hunter S. Thompson’s novel, Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, readers follow Thompson depicted as Raoul Duke and his attorney Dr. Gonzo in hoping to find the American Dream. It uses Gonzo Journalism, a style that is an adaption of Picaresque narrative to document his drug-induced experiences traveling through 1970’s Las Vegas. The Picaresque novels are composed of first-personRead Mo rePuritanism And Its Impact On Society1508 Words   |  7 PagesEngland in the late 16th century. Nobody could suppose that its followers would define the destiny of the United States of America. Puritanism should be recognized by people as a phenomenon that provided the ethical basis of this country because the American society in a way everyone can see it nowadays takes roots in the times of British colonization. Puritans Migration The teaching of Puritanism arose in the British Isles around 1560, â€Å"when dissident members of the Church of England, still the motherRead More Death Of A Salesman - Minor Characters Essay565 Words   |  3 Pagesrepresent two aspects of Willys ideals. Howard, Willys boss, functions in order to heighten the destruction of Willys dream. The characters Ben, Charley and Howard are influential in the plays outcome and help develop the main character, Willy. Ben is a figment of Willys imagination who represents his idealistic view of prosperity. Ben is symbolic of the success of the American Dream. quot;when I was seventeen I walked into the jungle and when I was twenty-one I walked out. And by God I was richquot;(48)Read MoreThe Great Gatsby Modernism1513 Words   |  7 PagesOne strong theme of modernism in literature is the attack and or decline of The American Dream. The American Dream is the idea that everyone, men, and women, have an equal opportunity to achieve wealth, success and or happiness through determination, and hard work, in other words, the pursuit of happiness. Two writers that illustrate this theme of modernism are F. Scott Fitzgerald, author of The Great Gatsby, and Ernest Hemingway, author of The Sun Also Rises. From the outside, one may think The

Marriage vs. Living Together Free Essays

According to the statistics, the number of cohabitating couples in our country firmly increases: in 1960 there were only 439,000 of unmarried cohabitants, and in 2000 this number came to 4,736,000 people. Currently, 60-75% of first marriages and 80-85% of re-marriages take place after some period of living together (School Health and Safety). This work is an attempt to examine and discuss the differences between marriage and cohabitation as two most popular forms of interpersonal relationship in our modern society. We will write a custom essay sample on Marriage vs. Living Together or any similar topic only for you Order Now The first difference is formal procedures and requirements to enter or stop one or another type of relationship. There are no official requirements for people, who want to start or stop living together. However, entering a marriage requires such formalities (depending on the state laws) as a waiting period, medical tests, minimal ages, an official ceremony, receiving marriage certificate, etc. The same can be said about ending a marriage, which has to be formalized with a long and exhausting procedure of legal divorce. Another legal difference is connected with property relations between people who are officially married or just live together. A married couple is supposed to possess their property together and apply legal methods to divide their property in case of a separation. Since cohabitation is not a legal union, there are no legally prescribed procedures for dividing the property between cohabiting partners in case of a breakup. Finally, there’s a difference in legal responsibilities and obligations of those married or cohabiting couples who have children. The offspring born to a married couple become official children of the husband and wife. In such case both parents are obliged to support their children financially till the children reach some certain age. However, in the case of cohabitation the male partner has neither legal rights for parenting nor a legal obligation to support the offspring. There is another group of differences, which is connected with social consequences of marriage and cohabitation. Empirical researches show that cohabiting partners have higher tendency to separate (Ward). Also, married people usually have better opportunities for professional development. But, certainly, a key difference is the absence of commitments in cohabiting relationship, which often brings to various negative outcomes. Some differences are reflecting economic sides of the issue. Specialists found out that married couples usually have better financial situation (Ward). On the other hand, male partners in cohabiting relationships are less stimulated to find some sources of extra income, to earn more money and to make savings or investments. Correspondently, children of unmarried couples are usually supported with poorer financial resources. Finally, there are a number of differences connected with health effects and psychological conditions of married and cohabiting couples. Specialists report that married people express more satisfaction with their relationship and have lower tendency to feel disappointed, depressed, angry, suicidal, etc. At the same time, cohabiting partners are reported to be under much higher risks of alcohol and drug abuse, as well as other mental or emotional abuse (Ward). Undoubtedly, by some reasons marriage may not be a preferable decision for a contemporary couple, and, therefore, the two people can rather opt to live together and give up all the benefits of legal marriage. Nevertheless, when making a choice between marriage and cohabitation it is crucial to consider all important advantages and disadvantages of both types of union, as well as to find out what human values are involved in the relationship between two individuals. Bibliography: â€Å"Cohabitation vs. Marriage.† Georgia State University. School Health and Safety. Ed. Sandra Owen. 30 May 2007 http://www.gsu.edu/~wwwche/cohabitation.ppt . â€Å"Marriage vs. Cohabitation.† Find Law for the Public. Thomson FindLaw Internet Resource. 30 May 2007 http://family.findlaw.com/marriage/living-together/cohabitation-comparison.html. Ward, Nathaniel. â€Å"Marriage vs. Cohabitation.† My Heritage. Heritage Foundation. 13 Feb. 2007. 30 May 2007 http://www.myheritage.org/Features/Archive/2007/021307_Marriage.asp . How to cite Marriage vs. Living Together, Essay examples

Commercial Law Legal Contract

Question: Discuss about theCommercial LawforLegal Contract. Answer: Formation of Contract and Identification of Contracting Parties According to the regulations of Singapore Commercial Laws under chapter 08, law of contract, a contract is referred to an agreement that legally binds the parties involved in the agreed contract. For the purpose of forming a legal contract, certain requirements as per the contract law legislations should be followed stated as follows: Contracting parties are required to be competent together with the capacity to enter the contract. The clauses of the agreement must incorporate offer and acceptance clauses which states that one party should offer and other party should accept against the exchange of consideration (sg, 2017). In order to form a legal contract terms and conditions should be clearly mentioned which incorporates relevant details on the duration of the contracting objective, value of consideration, payment mode and product or service description (Tepe, 2015). In the present situation, Alan offered a contract for sale of textbooks on Introduction to Business Law in Singapore along with the class notes. Accordingly, Alan posted the relevant details on social networking site on November 1 2014 stating the description of books and contents of notes together with the consideration amount and details of payment (Singaporelaw.sg, 2017). As the sale terms of products incorporated the relevant details based on the regulations of commercial law with respect to the contracting details and consideration amount, formation of contract can be said to have formed (Andersen, 2015). It has been noted that Alan placed the information of sale contract on November 1 2014 and the date of payment stated was November 5 2014. As per the regulations of commercial law, contract is legally formed after the acceptance by other parties. Moreover, first party of the contract, Alan offered the contract of sale, which was accepted by Bernard for payment to be made on November 4 hence, the contract was formed on November 4 2014 while the contracting parties were Alan and Bernard. Besides, the contract was also entered between Alan, Damien and Charleen after their acceptance on November 4 2014. Bernards Legal Position and Remedies According to the regulations on contract discharge, if the contracting terms and agreement are completely performed together with the compliance of legal requirements, then the contract comes to an end (Manuela MARDIROS, 2015). In the given situation, contract entered between Alan and Bernard on November 4 2014 for exchange of books and class notes amounted to $200.00 which was duly paid by Bernard within due time. However, Bernard came to know that same book was available at the education center for free of cost. It is essential to create contract with the clear intention and the relevant information to be mentioned clearly by the party who offers the contract. In the given situation, Alan provided all the details on sale of books and class noted through the social networking site whereas the information on the availability of books at the education center for free of cost was not mentioned. Accordingly, regulations of commercial law states that disclosure of information related to contract is important to make the contract valid while disclosure of other facts in terms of other party is the offering partys responsibility (Westbrook, 2015). Hence, Alan is not required to provide the information of availability of books at the education centre for free. However, Bernard himself was accountable to enquire on the sales price or availability of books at different sources. Further, breach of contract happens when the contract states misstatements, erroneous details or any other statements that represents fraud (Fried, 2015). In the given case, contract offered by Alan did not contain any misstatements or error whereas if the intention of Alan to deceive the parties can be established then the contract can be considered as invalid contract. Accordingly, the remedy in this situation available to Bernard is to make application against Alan availing the compensation. Charleens Legal Position and Remedies In this case, Charleen considered the sales offer placed by Alan on making payment to buy the book on November 7 2014. Charleen, a student of GCE at level O hence she considered a minor for the purpose of regulations under commercial law. Provisions of Minors Contract Act under common law states that contract against the minors is not enforceable if the contract has been formed for the minors benefit wholly or partly. Besides, contract entered with minors for acquiring land, shares or partnership business as per section 2, are legally enforceable on the minors (Mascareo Mereminskaya, 2013). The present case, which involves contract on sale of Commercial Law Books, does not fall in the regulations provided under section 2. On the other hand, if a sales contract entered with minors associates with a guarantee then the contract will not be enforceable against the minors. In addition, legal matters in the contract entered between the parties may be binding on the guarantor if the contract is just and equitable (Agapiou Cheung, 2016). Therefore, contract between Alan and Charleen, a minor considering the sale of law books is an invalid contract according to the provisions of Minors Contract Act. Accordingly, no legal remedy is available to Charleen under the regulations of Commercial law since the contract was not established its validity. Damiens Legal Position and Remedies Damien, a friend of Bernard and a student of Kaplan Higher Education, entered the contract with Alan on November 4 2014 agreeing to make payment in exchange of law book as well as class notes. Besides, Damien found the same law book at the education center on November 23 2014, which was distributed for free. According to the provisions of Contract Act in the Business and Commercial Law, party that offers the contract is required to disclose all the facts with respect to the contract subject to other parties. If the contract is formed for the purpose of misleading or deceiving the accepting parties under the contract, then the agreement would be considered as breach of contract while the offering party would be accountable to reimburse the loss occurred to other party (Nolan-Haley, 2013). In the present situation, contract entered between Alan and Damien it has been observed that establishment of Alans intention to mislead the parties would be difficult for sale of books amounted to $200. Therefore, Damien was not entitled to receive any compensation for the loss as right to investigate on availability of books from other sources was Damiens own responsibility. Moreover, if the intention of Alan to deceive the party is being proved then Damien has the right to make application against Ala n and entitled to receive the compensation of loss. Various Alternative Dispute Resolutions Alternative Dispute Resolution refers to a procedure to settle the disputes arise in the agreed contract in compliance with the laws and regulations of the commercial or contract law. The resolutions in this respect that are available together with the variations referred as mediation, arbitration and neutral evaluation. Mediation resolution refers to a resolution in which third party is appointed to consider the negotiation and settle disputes between the parties (Zhuang Chen, 2015). In this resolution, the mediator considers the conflicting situation and provides solution without influencing the disputed parties decision under the contract. Arbitration procedure, on the other hand takes place to resolve the disputed mater in association with the help of third party referred as arbitrator. In case of arbitration procedure, arbitrator takes the decision to resolve the conflicts as both the parties represent their respective lawyers in from of the arbitrator (Trescak et al., 2014). T he process involves neutral evaluation for the conflicting situation and disputes, which is considered by third party stating fair arguments and reasoning that is based on the analysis of key evidence and best estimates. Accordingly, the evaluator is entitled to consider the dispute case by analyzing he relevant evidences and conflict situation between the parties. Considering the different dispute resolutions, there are several benefits and drawbacks for resolving the concerned disputes between the parties. Mediation dispute resolution considers the primary benefits with respect to maintain privacy and protect the relationships among the parties, which provides a faster resolution together with the fair communication among the contracting parties (Moore, 2014). On the contrary, one of the primary drawbacks of this resolution incorporates creation of problem for the contracting parties in case the opinion is diverted after the decision. It also incorporates a drawback on the willingness to communicate about the contract disputes among the parties. Dispute resolution in terms of arbitration involves certain benefits that states accuracy of the decision as the arbitrator follows the relevant evidences in accordance with the laws and regulations. Arbitration resolution is considered as cheap and faster resolution process comparative to other resol utions while the primary disadvantage involves is enforceable of contract is based on communication that may not be acceptable to the parties. Arbitration resolution involves disadvantage in terms of interpretation of the provisions since the conflicting parties appoint their respective lawyers who have different opinions (Mascareo Mereminskaya, 2013). Reference List Agapiou, A., Cheung, S. O. (2016). Apologies, apology legislation and civil disputes: the practical implications of apology legislation for dispute resolution practitioners and their clients.Arbitration, 1-13. Andersen, C. B. (2015). Equity in active learning and peer-review in designing international commercial law PG units.UW Austl. L. Rev.,40, 41. Fried, C. (2015).Contract as promise: A theory of contractual obligation. OUP Us. Manuela, R., MARDIROS, D. N. (2015). Considerations Regarding the Implications oi the Provisions Reporting in the Context of Current Accounting Regulations.Audit Financiar,13(131). Mascareo, A., Mereminskaya, E. (2013). The making of world society through private commercial law: the case of the UNIDROIT Principles.Uniform Law Review-Revue de droit uniforme,18(3-4), 447-472. Moore, C. W. (2014).The mediation process: Practical strategies for resolving conflict. John Wiley Sons. Nolan-Haley, J. (2013).Alternative Dispute Resolution in a Nutshell, 4th. West Academic. Singaporelaw.sg. (2017) https://www.singaporelaw.sg, Retrieved 15 February 2017, from https://www.singaporelaw.sg Tepe, B. (2015). Joint-Stock Corporation under Turkish Commercial Law and the Doctrine of Increasing Shareholder Commitments.Emerging Markets Journal,5(2), 79. Trescak, T., Sierra, C., Simoff, S., De Mantaras, R. L. (2014). Dispute resolution using argumentation-based mediation.arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.4164. Westbrook, J. L. (2015). Commercial Law and the Public Interest.Penn St. JL Int'l Aff.,4, 445. Zhuang, W., Chen, F. (2015). Mediate First: The Revival of Mediation in Labour Dispute Resolution in China.The China Quarterly,222, 380-402.

Free Speech At Shopping Centers Essays - , Term Papers

Free Speech At Shopping Centers Contents I. Thesis Statement 1 II. Shopping Centers & Organizations Definitions . 1-2 III. First Amendment Definitions 2 IV. Evolution of Shopping Centers Regional Shopping Centers .. 2-3 V. Case Studies Pruneyard v. Robins 4-5 NJ Coalition Against War in the Middle East v. J.M.B. Realty ?. 5-6 VI. Impact Industry Reaction 7-9 VII. Future Litigation . 9 VIII. Conclusion .. 9-10 Thesis Statement Is an individual's right to freedom of speech, as granted by the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, valid on private property, which is owned by someone else? Specifically, can an organization not associated with a shopping center use the shopping center's property to promote their cause? The U.S. Supreme Court has left the answer to this question up to the individual states. The majority of states, to date, have answered ?no?; however, several states, most notably California and New Jersey, have answered ?yes?. What is the basis for each State's decision and how do these decisions affect the shopping center industry? Shopping Centers & Organizations In order to understand how the courts' decisions affect the shopping center industry, we must first understand what a shopping center is and who the organizations are. As referred to in the two most notable court cases, Pruneyard v. Robins (?Pruneyard?) and NJ Coalition Against War in the Middle East et al. v. J.M.B. Realty Corp. et al. (?JMB?), a [regional] shopping center is defined as one that is between 300,000 square feet and 1,000,000 square feet in size and includes at least one large, over 100,000 square feet department store. During the 1990's, regional shopping centers have given way to super regional shopping centers. Super regional shopping centers are over 1,000,000 square feet in size and usually have four or more large department stores. For comparison in Arlington, Texas, The Parks at Arlington Mall and Six Flags Mall would be considered super regional malls while Festival Marketplace Mall would be considered a regional mall. The organizations that were involved in Pr uneyard and JMB consisted of peaceful political activists who were protesting Zionism and the Gulf War, respectively. As far as a shopping center is concerned, anyone not associated with operating the center i.e., employees, contractors, etc., or retailers/merchants would be considered a potential customer or part of an organization, depending on if their reason for coming to the mall was to shop. The shopping center, of course, wants everyone to be a customer since their primary business is commercial in nature. First Amendment The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution reads, ?Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or the press; or the right of people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.? (Amendment I, 1) While this powerful amendment has very broad implications, it also has limitations. The U.S. Supreme Court has held that the Federal Constitution and its accompanying amendments give no general right to free speech in shopping centers since the centers' course of business is not ?state action?. State actions are those actions taken by local government entities or public schools. This limitation is what forces the U.S. Supreme Court to leave the decision of free speech in shopping centers up to the individual states, their state constitutions and police powers. Evolution of Shopping Centers It has been argued, and sometimes accepted, that today's regional shopping center has taken the place of yesterday's downtown business district. From 1972 to 1992 the number of regional and super regional malls in the nation increased by roughly 800% (National Research Bureau 1). The reason for this phenomenal increase is the migration of residents from the city to the suburbs and the accompanying relocation of retail from downtown to the ?burbs?. Shopping centers, by design, have made themselves one-stop destinations. Food, entertainment, apparel and other consumer goods are centralized in a climate-controlled environment. The downtown business district of old once afforded social and political organizations access to the masses. There is no question that the downtown streets and sidewalks were, and still are, public property. To make the distinction between a public downtown and private shopping center more confusing, it is not uncommon for a mall to have a U.S. Post Office as

the eve problem essays

the eve problem essays The Eve problem is not hard to understand or see, nor is it complicated in determining why there became a problem. Eve was told specifically not to eat from one particular tree, which was in the midst of the garden. It was the tree of knowledge, which would allow her to know good from evil, and to open her eyes. No one was supposed to eat from it, for god had told them to stay clear of it. The problem came when the serpent convinced Eve into taking from the tree and eating. The serpent told her that the only reason god did not want them to eat from it, was because if they did, then their eyes would open and they would know good from evil, and would be gods themselves. Therefore, under the words of the serpent, Eve took a piece of fruit from the tree, one for Adam as well, and ate it. Then she gave it to Adam and he ate it. Once they ate the fruit, they realized that they were naked, and when god came to speak to them, Adam told him that he had hid from god, for he was afraid and naked. That is when good knew that they had eaten from the tree, for they would not have known that otherwise. God had to punish them for eating from this tree that he said not to. Both the Serpent and Adam were punished, but the Eve problem has to do with the punishment that was passed down to her, and all women for that matter. God told eve that she was going to have to bear children, which is a painful process. He also said that Eves desire, also pertaining to women as a whole, would be to there husbands and that he shall rule over thee. The issue of child bearing is not really the major issue; it is more so the idea that the women's husband will rule over her. There are three types of believes when it comes to this piece of writing, and the meaning behind it. There are people who take a fundamental view, who believe that god wrote the Old Testament, and gave it to man as a g ...

Econmics 100 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Econmics 100 - Essay Example Since the net export is a part of the gross domestic product, considerable rise in exports has led to significant rise in GDP of the country. This in turn is reflected in the higher growth rate of the economy. The growth of an economy is measured by calculating the changes occurring in the total volume of output in the economy or the real income of the individual residents of the nation. However, in recent years there has been less than expected level of economic growth. Therefore the government has adopted different fiscal and monetary policies to boost up economic activities in the country. This paper analyses the policy prescriptions followed by the government as presented in the article. 3.0 Analysis 3.1 Export led growth The 1993 United Nations System of National Accounts (1993 SNA) allows the countries to calculate their growth with the help of any of three credible indicators; the volume of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP), real gross domestic income or the re al gross national income. The GDP is the easiest and the most uncomplicated way to account for the growth of a country (World Development Indicators: 2012, 217). The gross domestic product is defined as â€Å"the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time† (Mankiw 2011, 494). The most commonly used approach to measure the GDP is the expenditure method (Taylor 2006, 138). Economists denote GDP as ‘Y’ and divide the components of GDP in to four parts; consumption (denoted by C), investment (denoted by I), government expenditure (denoted by G) and the net exports made by the country (denoted by NX) (Mankiw 2011, 496). The identity that represents the GDP calculation is as follows: Y = C + I + G + NX The net exports component of the GDP is actually the difference between the amount of export and the amount of imports made by the economy. If this difference is positive, it implies the amount of total exports is gre ater than the amount of total import and positive net exports increases the total GDP of the country. If the level of exports falls short of the level of imports, there is negative net export and the amount of GDP declines. The Chinese policy of emphasizing on exports has brought dauntless growth in the Chinese economy since the past three decades. However, recently the Chinese have been facing a huge external constraint in this path of growth. China depends on the international market heavily for its exports, particularly the U.S. and the Europe. The large scale exports made to the U.S. is leading to massive trade deficit in the U. S. It is causing financial vulnerability and discouraging the country’s manufacturing sector. This can potentially harm the development process of the country and stall its course of recovery that is still in progress after the severe sub-prime crisis that occurred in the year 2007. Since the USA is a large country in terms of the Chinese exports, recession in the country might affect the entire world economy, including China. Hence the Chine policy makers have considered shifting their attention towards domestic demand. As the article published in a BBC website says, the policymakers have expressed the desire â€Å"to increase domestic demand to reduce its dependence on exports and achieve more sustainable growth†

What is critical thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

What is critical thinking - Essay Example It also involves the observation of things in open-minded ways and examining them from various perspectives. Critical thinking allows people to see beyond their view of things and understand the opinions of other people better. Critical thinking is usually used in discussions to form well-rounded and cogent arguments. Critical thinking uses multiple skills such as logic, accuracy, relevance, fairness, clarity, precision, and completeness. Critical thinking has benefits that range from personal life and working place to scientific research and academic education. It is quite unfortunate that most people’s thinking are distorted, uninformed, partial, and biased, which form barriers to effective critical thinking (Moore & Parker 2011). Critical thinking requires the ability from an individual to approach situations and problem in a rational manner. Thinking in a rational way requires proper analysis of what is known and deriving conclusions based on evidence or facts rather than feelings or opinions. Reasoning in an honest way requires thinkers to acknowledge motives, personal goals, and emotions that can corrupt one’s thought processes and opinions. Rational thinking should identify and eliminate prejudices that inhibit fresh and objective approaches to situations (Moore & Parker 2011). Critical thinking is important as it generates new avenues of problem solving. Critical thinking requires people be open-minded. Being open-minded permits people to find all possible answers to an obstacle and accept solutions and answers different from the initial expectations. Being open-minded requires people not to assume their ways of providing solutions are always right or the best. Scientists, for example, should be aware that the results of research or experiment will not always meet their expectations. Results obtained from such experiments can be challenging, but will eventually lead to meaningful discoveries (Moore & Parker 2011). Critical thinking

Respnse paper after I observe dental hygienist work in a dental office Essay

Respnse paper after I observe dental hygienist work in a dental office - Essay Example In the process, he nearly held each breath, being certain of the spots on which to fix the needle through and at which correct angle, as if at this critical stage, the worker would not afford any degree of hesitation between the acts of injecting and of coordinating the jaw thereafter. The dental hygienist occurred to exhibit intense focus while he still managed to utter firm but gentle words of command to draw in the patient’s full trust and attention toward the procedures conducted. As I observed, this step is important in order to establish confidence for the patient and the hygienist took control of pre-conditioning the subject under treatment so that positive initial impression is built up before the actual dentist got in charge of the main course of action. Likewise, the patient seemed to have essentially gained insight of the rest of the dental work to be carried out for her welfare and at the time she could have associated the dentist’s quality of practice to th at of the dental hygienist who dealt with her firsthand.

Legislation to Safeguard Child Rights in the UK

Legislation to Safeguard Child Rights in the UK Steven Howells CYP Core 3:3 1.1 Because the well – being of all children and young adults is so important, organizations in the United Kingdom and around the world have created policies and legislation’s to ensure a structure of security. This structure ensures that everyone in an educational environment is safeguarded. Some of the main policies include: The Children’s Act 1989 – This policy was designed to make all the laws that relating to children and young adults less complicated. It also brings many organizations and authorities together to ensure that children receive the assistance they require. The Children’s Act 2004 – This Act is an update that was put into place after the death of Victoria Climbie. The information was reviewed by multiple services and yet they failed to work together which resulted in this child’s suffering, and eventually her death. Rules and regulations were put into place to allow services to share the information accordingly to ensure that anyone under the age of 19 years old who may be at risk could be helped and not overlooked. Children and Young Persons Act 2008 – This Act changes the structure of the care system. It pushes services to provide the best care as quickly as possible to children and young people. It also enables children and young adults to be capable of achieving the same as a child who is not in care. Sexual Offences Act 2003 – This policy covers a large scale of offences, but is designed to cover against, sexual offences or rape in the United Kingdom or in some circumstances abroad. Adoption and Children Act 2002 – This act was put into place to ensure that children were going to homes that hold the best intentions for them. It also gives a more reasonable approach to single people and unmarried couples who would like to adopt and provides more assessments to ensure the child is going to the best home for them, but to also ensure that a family is adopting a child best suited to their current environment (i.e. if a family already has children, they will not be put at risk by putting a child with history of severe mental illness in the same home). United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989 – â€Å"Protecting children from violence, exploitation and abuse is an integral component of protecting their rights to survival, growth and development† UNICEF, (2011) The Education Act 2002 – The policy was designed to create a structure for anyone in educational services to help with safeguarding. The helps protecting children and young people by ensuring a safe place to study. It also helps protect children and young people by identifying anyone who could be / already at risk in a school environment or at home. Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004 – The act covers many areas of protecting victims of crimes. It also covers new rules and regulations to give bailiffs the power to use forcible entry to property if a child or vulnerable person is at risk of death. Vetting and barring scheme – After the conviction of Ian Huntley in 2003, further examination into Huntley’s past showed that he had been had been investigated and charged for other offences. But because of the structure of the original checks, he passed and was allowed to work in a school environment. Afterwards, the structure of the checking system was changed in order to ensure this would never happen again. The new checking system now covers every offence, investigation and charges to ensure that individuals with any form of criminal record and/ or any possibility of committing an offence can no longer work in an environment where there is a risk to children, young adults or adults who are vulnerable. 1.2 Child protection is only one piece of a larger concept of safeguarding. The health and safety of children and young people is paramount. It protects those who are young and vulnerable nearly every form of mistreatment like being neglected raped or abused mentally or physically. It helps to prevent those who could later suffer results of impairment of any form from the hands of mistreatment. Risk assessments to ensure a safe home and place of study are part of this. Making sure that schools are governed correctly and a structure of policies, rules and regulations are put in place and kept up to date. Ensuring any safeguard issues are dealt with properly, ensuring all staff are up to date with all aspects of training and also promoting the best development for all its students.The development of the children can include tests like the CAF to ensure that children receive any additional learning required, or other tests that ensure health and well – being of its students. 1.3 Every School and local authority has their own policies concerning child protection. All of them put the same ideals into action which are: â€Å" Be healthy Stay safe Enjoy and achieve Make a positive contribution Achieve economic well-being. â€Å" In order to make the community aware of child protection issues, campaigns and other similar methods are used. All communities have to be monitored to ensure that all targets and policies are met, also to ensure that all issues are being dealt with appropriately. It keeps a healthy communication with local services to ensure the best methods are used to benefit students. Also to report any signs of cruelty, neglect or abuse. This creates a better success rate of child development. If everybody knows what methods work best for a single / group of student(s), there I more chance for students to progress rather than regress in development. External health and safety management teams are put into place as another form of monitoring. This time they monitor the buildings and the possibilities of risks. Also health services visit to make children aware of what is healthy and unhealthy. To summarise, every student is protected by a large structure formed from all the acts that are implemented by the government. They all follow these acts to achieve this structure. When this structure is followed correctly there is less chance for a student to be at risk of many outcomes ( i.e. risk of harm, risk of being neglected or risk of failing to progress in development). 1.4 If a child is being neglected, abused or worst case scenario has died as a result of either, the child welfare officer should be notified in order in order to find out what happened to prevent this from happening again. They will access every aspect in order to achieve the most accurate of reports. When the report is finished, it will be reviewed and from this the government will decide what went wrong, why it went wrong, how they will improve their service in order to make it better. This in my opinion is the wrong approach to take because to me it seems like the government want to wait for it to happen and then study why it happened. I believe there is many forms of serious child abuse that are not considered as neglect or abuse due to the current status of the country. The government believe that just because a child lives in a home with a water supply, fridge – freezer and oven they have what they need. But this does not include food or clothing which should be included wh en raising a child. 1.5 All personnel must keep confidentiality in accordance of the Data Protection act 1998 (See TDA Section 4). This keeps all information private and helps to safeguard everyone who attends or work’s at the school. In order to keep full confidentiality, all staff are only permitted to discuss personal details, circumstances, or school work connected to their own child(ren). A parent will be able to discuss their children’s work and grades but will not have access to them. The only information that is shared is when a child has reached the age to attend secondary school. The secondary school will require information that is relevant in order to help the student maintain progression through this phase.

Journey To My Past: Responses to Silent Dancing Story Essay -- Silent

Journey To My Past: Responses to Silent Dancing Story 1 Journal of Reading Silent Dancing Many people say, "Do not judge a book by its cover," but the cover of this book drew me into a journey of reading. The line of the letters Silent Dancing is on top; just below that is a picture of a beautiful four-year old girl. Perhaps she lives with a wealthy family; the girl looks so cute and pretty in her dress. Like many other young girls who usually love toys, she is holding a rattlebox; however, she does not pay attention to the toy in her hands. The young girl appears sad because of wide opened eyes that seem interested of what is in front of her. The quiet lips that have no smile make her look shy and older than her time. Why does this young girl have a feature of sadness? This picture seems to suggest that after reading Silent Dancing I should have the proper answer to that question. Silent Dancing is a garden of many stories in the childhood of a Puerto Rican girl, Judith Ortiz Cofer. Some chapters in her book are very exciting because her memory sometimes stimulates mine. There are many remembrances that are evoked by the reading this book. 2 Reading "More Room" When I first read the caption "More Room," I did not guess that the main character in this chapter was an unhappy person. Soon after reading, I understood she was a sad woman because of only a reason: she could easily get pregnant (actually she had many children). That woman's situation reminds me of my mother. What are the similarities between this character and my Mom? A simple thing: they both were mothers of many children and sometimes felt full of cares when they knew they were carrying another baby. The sound is simple but the fact is not. Like many ... ... tiny paper clothes. Some characters in Cofer's childhood were exciting just like some of the people in my childhood, but the ending of her childhood and mine were very different. At the age of fifteen, Cofer had some boyfriends; they loved and admired her. She fell in love for the first time and learned a lesson about the love; she also was no longer a child at the age of fifteen. However, the ending of my childhood was caused by a war. Like the rope of a kite was broken in the raging wind, my childhood's kite disappeared into the sky. The tragedies of the war fell upon the people in my family and my country; they shattered my innocent childhood when I was only a thirteen years old girl. Although everyone has a different memory about their life, and each of us has special ending to our childhood, reading Silent Dancing gave me the urge to recall these remembrances.